MIZO TAWNG HUMHALH NAN SAHAL I KHAI ANG
- Zofa H. Chhangte
China-a Missionary pakhat, Linguist nen ‘Ringlotu’ (unbeliever) chungchanga ‘Ringlomi’ tia thlak (edit) dil chunga e-mail ka thawn hawm hawm kha, lo thawn malek loh tur a nia leh! Tunah a huang chhungah chuti lam thu bawk ziak tura sawmna ziahsa ka hmuh hian ka insit hle a. A zirlaiten Mizo \awngah harsatna an tawh nasatzia ka mit leh beng ngeia ka hriat tawh avang erawh chuan ‘|hahnem ngaih a na a, min urthlu ngang a ni e’ tih mai loh chu sawi tur ka nei lo. M.I.L atana Mizo \awng aia Sap \awng thlan vang te pawh a ni mahna. Additional Subject-ah tal lak phal se chuan mahni hnam humhalh kawngah hma min lakpui thei tur a nia. Ka lo tidik lo deuh a nih pawhin kan thupui ken tel a nih avangin a\ulzia tarlangtu subject \ha tak pawh a ni ve tho alawm tiin ka inhnem a.
Mizo \awng sawizau dawn chuan Mizo tih leh Mizo hnam a\anga inhnial nghal theih a ni a. Mizo hnam huamchin chu sawi loh, Lusei a\anga chhui phei chuan thupui \helh rawka sawi theih a ni a. C.Chhuanvawra chuan “Tuna Mizo \awng kan tih hi Mizo \awng a nih hma khan Lusei \awng tih a ni \hin a; chu Lusei \awng tih a nih hma chuan Duhlian \awng a ni \hin tih hi” tiin a ngaihdan a sawi a.1 Chutih lai chuan R.Vanlawma chuan “Duhlian hnam an awm hauh si lo va; chuvang chuan Duhlian \awng a awm thei lo a ni” a lo ti thung.2 Mizo History ziaktu Liangkhaia chuan “Luseiho pawh hi an thlahtu ber chu Luseia a ni ang a, chumi thlahte chu Lusei an inti ta a ni ber ang e” tiin a ziak a3 Heti ang hian Hrang\hiauva’n Mizo chanchin a ziahah chuan “Luseiho hi Luseia thlahte an ni” tiin a ziak bawk a.4 Sawi dan leh chhui dan a tam a, mi thiama chhal tur kan la neih tlem bawk si avangin hriatthiam a har ta a nih hi. |awng chungchang chhui dawnin Hnam chanchin chhui tel a ngaih \hin avangin hnam naupang tak tan chuan keuhthlukna ber a awm thei lo a.
A bawplawka lak dawn chuan ziaktu apiangin ngaihdan hrang deuh hlek neih a nih zel avangin mite ang zo ve lo tan chuan hriatthiam theih a ni lo a. The Mizoram Gazette Volume-1, kum 1972 January ni 28-a chhuak ang hian ‘Mizo a lo piang a, Mizo \awng a lo awm nghal a ni’ ti ila a pawm a hahdam thlak berin a rinawm. Chuti ni lose, hemi hma daih pawh hian Mizo Zirlai Pawl, Mizo Union adt., leh hla thu hmangin Mizo/Mizoram tih chu kan lo hre tawh ngei alawm mahse vantlang huap thil inthlakthleng thut hi chu theihnghilh hmin \hak angin a bo thei lo va, Duhlian leh Lusei kan sawikawp reng \hin angin a awm reng dawn si a. Mizo tih hian Mizo-a inchhal apiang chu kawhtir ila a huamzau ber ang. Mizo \awng hmang tawh phawt, Mizo \awng hmang dek dek; hnam bila \awng bik nei zo hnahthlak te pawh huamtir vek ila. Kan tisual tam lo vang chu. Lalhmuaka sawi dan takin “Chi leh kuang, hnama insawi dawn chuan ‘Tumah’ hi Mizo kan ni lo vek a. Mahse, a puma lakin Mizo kan ni vek a” tih hian a huam zauvin a pawmnahawm ber awm e.5
Hnam hrang hrang infinkhawm chuan Duhlian \awng chhawm nungin Mizo \awng kan hmang ta a, chumi a nih avang chuan kan \awng a hrang a, kan aw phawi a lo hrang vei nen hriat dan leh hman dan a hrang ta nuaih a nih hi. Khaikhawm turin ziaka vawn dan a inang tawh lova, zirtir dan lah a inang hek lo. Ziaktu hrang hrang ngaihdan a inang lo va, an hriatdan kha an kalpui ve tho avangin benga hlin tur avang a, zirlai a\anga sipel chawp thlengin kan buai ta! Zirtirtu ten an zirlaite zinga thiam leh expert awm taka an zirtir hian an sikul chhung bakah zawm a hlawh ta si lo a nih hi (Chuti ni lo se MBSE pawmdan hi kan zui mai tur a nia) An zirlaite lahin ngaihdan hrang chherchhuahna \anfungah an la hmang ta dah a. C.Chhuanvawr’an “Mizo \awng leh a kaihhnawih chhui thu-ah hi chuan a thu ziahte hi innghah nana hman tlak ber niin alang a” tiin Lalnuntluangi Chhangte Ph.D ziah ‘Mizo \awng kalphung’ kutchhuak a sawi a.6 Hei erawh mipui nawlpui hmuh turin a la tlangnel lo a ni mahna. A zangkhai zawnga lak thiamte pawh hi Historian tihdan ni lo mahse a awm ang hle-in ka hria.
Kum 1869-a Mizo \awng ziahna lehkhabu (The Hill Tracts of Chittagong and the Dwellers Therein : With Comparative Vocabulary of the Hill Dialects) hmasa ber a chhuak tawh a. Thumal 186 zet Lt.Col T.H Lewin khan a lo khawn khawm tawh Kum 1893-ah A, Aw, B chu Pu Buanga leh Sap upa ten min siam sak a.7 Kum 1898-ah hawrawp 24 kan neih tak chu J leh NG belhin kan la hmang ta zel bawk. Theih nise Q leh G belhte hi kan tunlai Technology hmasawnna ngaihtuah chuan a hun tawh a ni. “Lung ka Gel chiam a” han tih ngawtah te hian \angkai ve tak tur chu a ni. Kum za leh a zatve dawn a liam tawh hnu hian Mizo \awng ziahna tam tak a chhuak tawh a, hnam pumpui huap zova chhuak erawh a la awm lo ni hmiang.
Ka hmuh ve phak chin, ka hriat chinah pawh a hnuaia lehkhabute hi Mizo \awng chungchanga chhuah tawh niin, tarlan loh tam tak a la awm tho ang a, ngaihdan inang thawkhat mah sela, ziah dan leh hman dan tur inang lo a tam khawp mai. Mizoram zimtea lehkhabu chhuah hlawk lohzia ngaihtuahin sumdawnna ni lo, an \hahnemngaihna leh an tuina a nih vang chauha chhuah a nihzia a hmuh theih a. An kaihhruaina leh zirtirna te, |hahnemngaihna inman lo a nih chuan kori a tu lem lo a ni. Kan harsatna sukiang ta duak erawh ka la hmu lo. Lungtian dan dinglai anga chiang a awm si lo. Mizo \awng chungchanga lehkhabu chhuak tawh \henkhatte chu;
SN Lehkhabu hming Ziaktu Chhuahna Kum
1 Dictionary of the Lushai Language J.H Lorrain Culcutta 1975
2 Lushai English Dictionary JF Laldailova Aizawl 1969 (Reprint)
3 |awng un hrihlhfiahna James Dokhuma Aizawl 1987
4 Mizo |awng Grammar Synod Publication Board Aizawl 1992
5 Zo Kalsiam (MAL ed.) Lalthangfala Sailo Aizawl 1997
6 Zo\awng hman Dan Dik Rozama Chawngthu Aizawl 2000
7 Mizo \awng Chikna Dr Ralluaii Chhangte Aizawl 2001
8 Zo \awng bulpui leh a hmanna (Ed) Mizoram Publication Board Aizawl 2002
9 Mizo \awng Puitu Er.V.Rodingliana Lunglei 2004
10 Zo\awng formula Rev.ZT Sangkhuma Aizawl 2005
11 Mizo |awng Ziah dan M.B.S.E Aizawl 2008
Mizo language Committee Book No-1
12 Mizo \awng peng hrang hrang B.Lalthangliana, Aizawl 2010
Dictionary
13 Mizo \awng zirzauna bu thar James Dokhuma Aizawl 2011
14 Mizo \awng thumal thar Zoppen Club Aizawl 2011
15 Mizo \awng chhuina C.Chhuanvawra 2012
16 Mizo \awng zirzauna Bu Thar (MILLTA, ed.) Laltluangliana Khiangte Aizawl 2012
17 Mizo \awng kalphung Lalnuntluangi Aizawl
18 Zo \awng: H.Laldinmawia & Aizawl 2013
Nihphung, Dinhmun leh Hmathlir Dr Zoramdinthara
19 Mizo |awng Dictionary R.K Lalhluna Lunglei 2013
20 Cinque Folis : Zo\awng Grammar RK Lalhluna Lunglei 2014
Mizoram Board of School Education chuan hman a\angin hma a la tawh a, chhiarsen loh a hrinchhuah zat chiah ngaihdan fumfe nei lo a hring chhuak bawk a. Synod-in kum 1986 daih tawh khan lehkhabu chhuahin hma a la tih kan hmu thei a.8 NEHU Campus awmlai ata Mizoram University (Department of Mizo) a lo ding a, beiseina sang tak nena kan thlir laiin rampum huapa hmalakna leh hmasawnna hmuh tur erawh a hring tam lo hle a. Baptist Kohhran chuan hmathar la lehin, Kumin January ni 29 khan Mizo |awng Ziak Dan |ha (Orthography) phek 60-a chhah ennawn turin Consultation Meeting chu Pu Buanga leh Sap Upa Hall-ah a nei tawh a. Baptist Kohhran huanga Mizo \awng hman dan inang tlang a nih theih nan a ni.9 Zahawmna vawnhimna tur tho a ni awm e.
Hetih lai hian mi nawlpui, a mik a mak thlu lo chuan Bible kan lo behchhan ve rawl nen, khua hi a var lo tak zet a ni. Hma la an tam a, mahni bilte tea hma la an awm laiin, mahni ngaihdan nena chherchawp nei lah kan tam narawh e. Kan Sorkar (Art & Culture Department) lam lahin mizo thuam inbel lamah \an kan la lak nasat em avangin mahni \awng ziah dan thiam fumfe lo va ziak thei kan tam ta. Fumfe lo han tingawt dawn ila ka tehna avanga fumfe lo tingam chauh ka ni lawi si. C.Chhuanvawra chuan “Mizo \awng hi mizo culture nung ber, hnam dang laka min ti-Mizotu ber a ni a. Chuvangin kan humhalha kan kan tihphuisui chhoh zel a ngai a ni” tiin.10 Culture nena \hen hran theih loh thu a sawi hian Sorkar Department leh Zirna in, NGO te hi deng harh mawlh rawh se.
|awng a dazat nasat poh leh zahawmna a bo a, \awng thar a pianga, kan lerh zo ta a nih hi. Sengkhawmtu awm lovin mipui uar apiang chu kan senglut ta a. Chanchinbu mite sulhnu hi ni tina kan chhiar tam pawl tak a ni a, thukhatvua-in an kal thei bik lo a, an tum ber pawh a ni si lo. Kohhran \awngkam chauh hi \awngkam zahawm a lo nih tak avangin hmasawn chu a har a ni. Pulpit tlang lah hi mizo \awng hmansualna tam tak a nih avangin khawnge \awng humhimna tur hmun chu ni ta ang? Bible lo chu behchhan tur avang ta khawp mai ti raw? Social Media chak ta lutuk te, mipui zawng zawngin ngaihdan kan phochhuahna hmanraw lar ber chu ziak a nih avangin \awng dik, uluk peih pawh kan vang ta khawp mai. Lehkhabu lamah lah Mizoram Publication Board hi kan rinrawl ber a ni a, an kutchhuak rau rau-ah pawh hian Mizo \awng hman dan inang lo ava tam ta em!
Tu nge dar awrhtir ang tiin ka ngaihtuah fo a. ‘Bible hi chhut thar tawh miah loh nise’ tiin rawt mai tur emaw ni! Chu lah hmasawn tur chuan hnung back-na a ni. Mizoram Board of School Education hmalak tawhna en hian a hlawhtling thawkhata, mahse MBSE a\anga zirchhuak lo chu tlem te zinga tlem te chauh an nih avangin a huapkimin a \ha tawk lo pawh a ni mahna; kan la hetih tlat hi. Kan ram University a\anga zirchhuakte hi a chang chuan ka dem \hin. A chhan chu College zirlaite leh mipui zingah hmahruai hna hi an la thawk tawk lo ka ti fo mai, hlawh an hmu a nih pawhin a \ha a, hlawh baka ram leh hnam humhalhna kawnga hmalak hi a \ul tawh asin le. Kohhran bila hmalakna hian kohhran huang chhungah chuan hmasawnna chi khat chu a thlen ngei mai a. Kohhran dang zawm tura hmalak erawh har kan titlang a nih hi. Mizoram Kohhran lian ber ber pahnih Synod leh Baptist hian inkawpin hma la ta se kan sawtpui khawp ang a, chu erawh thil harsa tak a nih ka ring.
YMA, ram leh hnam humhalh kuma puang dur dur \hin te hian hnam laimu \awng humhalh kawngah hian hma kan la tawh em ka hre lo a, kei pawhin ka hriat loh chuan hre lo hi an tam ve dawn riauvin ka hre \hin. A nih leh Mizo hnam zia, Culture boral tur veng tur chuan kan \awng humhalh i duh em? Mizo Language Committee hmalakna te, Language Authority hmalakna hian min huapzo i ti em? A boral lohna tur leh khaikhawmtu ber tura ngaih Art & Culture Department hian hma a la tawkin kan hria em? Kohhran (denomination) zawng zawng, MBSE expert aiawh, Mizoram University aiawh, Mizo Language Committee leh heti lama tuimi rawnkhawmin hma la se chuan a sap eng lo zaih mai tur hi a nia. Mahni tawka thiam vek awmkhawm an nih avangin an thiam dan hi a rualtlang thei lo a. Mizo \awng hman dan a inan tlan theih nan inhnuhhniam a, thu khat vuaa kan awm hi a ngai ta hle mai.
Synod-in Mizo \awng Grammar Cell a din tirh a\anga ‘Mizo |awng Grammar’ a chhuah thleng (1992) khan vawi 32 zet an inhmuhkhawm thei.11 Kan sorkar chak tak hian hma a la ve thei ang. Baptist Kohhran lam pawhin hman ata tawh ke an pen reng a. Kohhran leh Zirna chu a inrual reng avangin sawi hnawm theih a ni ngawt lo. MBSE lam pawhin hmasawn duhin hma an la mek zel a, an la la zel bawk ang, mi mal \hahnem ngai ten an la mek zel bawk a. A kaida hi kan inman lo tlang mai mai a ni. Huapzo taka hma laa khaikhawmtu awm se la, mipui (Pawl leh Kohhran hrang hrang) pawm theiha kaihhruaina kimchang a chhuah phawt chuan tehfungah hman turin sorkarin thu chhuah mai sela, sum te pawh seng ve ang hmiang. Rampum, hnampum huapa hmalak a nih phawt chuan a dik a dawk thlu lovin kan hmang nghal thei ang a, hmang nghal lo chu an dik lo tihna a ni mai dawn a ni. Dik lo deuh pawh nise tehfungah kan hman nghal chuan a dik a ni mai. Albert Einstein-a theory of relativity ang maia ‘Hun’ leh ‘Hmun’ inlaichinna teh tur chuan a tehna hmun sawifiah thiam a pawimawh tluk zetin, a tehna hmun chet leh inthlak danglam dan ngaihtuah a ngai a. Mizo \awng hmasawn tur chuan tehfung a pawimawh a ni. A tehna chu lo insawnin che deuh \hin pawh nise, chu tehna ngaia kan teh reng dawn a nih chuan a fiah hrim hrim ang.
“Mizo \awng ziah dan” lehkhabu (MBSE-2008) hi ka ngainat ber leh ka tehfung ber a ni a, chu lah chu anmahni berin thu an zuk fo a. Mizo mipui zau zawkah an puan darh that tawk loh avangin mipui lahin pawm ta’ng ei an ti hek lo a. Pawm tura hmalak pawh a har a ni. |hahnemngaia hmalak dan tur thiam lo lahin ‘rual u zawng zawng hi thi vek se Mizo \awngah hma kan sawn ang’ ti tawk an lo awm vei nen, awm lo phei se chuan Bengali \awng kan pawl nawk nawk tawh hian ka ring asin. Tunlai thiamna hmanga Mizo \awng hmasawna Computer leh a kaihhnawih, khawvel hriat theih tura phochhuak tur pawhin tehfung \ha a ngai hmasa phawt a. A bak chu Computer thiam, sumdawng rilru nen hian Online Dictionary kimchang emaw, thlukna emaw, ziah dan tur emaw, ziah zawm tur leh zawm loh tur emaw, chawpchilh kawhhmuhna (automatic hints) pe zat zat thei turin hma an la nghal em em ang tih ka ring tlat a ni.
Mizo hnam humhalh tur chuan kan \awng hi humhalh hmasak ngei ngei a ngai a. |awng humhalh tur chuan a awm sa chawi nung a, a dik lo apiangte kan hman dik thuai a ngai a. A dik lo hman dik kan inzirtir a, \awng kan chher fo a ngai ta bawk niin alang. |awngkam thar leh tihdan thar lo piang hi hman duh loh ngawt theih a ni lo a, malmak chi lah a ni hek lo. Heng hi mizo \awnga him zawka seng luh vat kan thiam a ngai a ni. Zoppen Club ten ‘Mizo \awng thumal thar’ buthehlep (Booklet) an buatsaih ang te hi kan ring ve mai dawn em ni ta ang? Mahni duh dana phuah ngawt chuan inlungrual a har a, hming hran kan vuah fur anga, kan pawmtlang leh thei dawnin a lang lo. Lalzarzova Khiangte chuan “Thumal thar awm tawh sa, zul si, dik si lo leh awmze hran neia thumal thar kan chher chuan a fel lo va, a nihna tak thai bovin, nihna thar kan siam tihna a ni dawn a, \awng dik leh \awng bul zawk tihboralna a ni thei” tia a sawi hi a dik hle12. Cambridge Dictionary te, Oxford Dictionary anga rintlak, \awng chungchanga thumal thar seng lut tur leh chatlak lova chhawmnung zel tur hi awm ve tawh ila ka ti ngawt mai. Behchhan tlak khawpa rintlak hi engtikah emaw chuan kan University mi thiam leh Mizo Department te, an research scholar-te hian hma an lak hun tur tlumtea thlir takin ka thlir reng mai. India ram leh khawvel huapa Mizo \awng chawisang tur pawhin kaihhruaina hi kan la mamawh tawlh tawlh dawn a ni.
Chuti a nih loh chuan dik lo baksaka i hmang a nih ngawt loh chuan \awng thiam i ni reng ang a, i hnial peih chhung chu i dik tihna a ni mai. Tu mahin behchhan tur bulfuk va nei bik hek suh. Tun dinhmunah chuan mi nawlpui hi kan chian loh avangin kan Mizo \awng hman dan a chiri a. Humhalh tur chuan hmanrua, tehfung neia vawn tur kan mamawh ta a nih hi. A nawlpui hian a ngaihna hriate thusawi leh tehna tur, a dik emaw, a dik lo emaw hriatchiana mahni lo inzirna tur kan mamawh niin a lang. Mizo \awng kan tih hmang ni lote; entir nan, Mara, Lai, Paihte, Hmar, Ralte leh \awng bo mekten Mizo \awng an ziah leh an \awng hian kan lo nuih ta mai \hin a, a dik pawh hre famkim bik lo si lo hian. A dik awm ta lo chu duh duh danin kan hmang kikawi kual ta a, \awng hmasawnna a awm thei lo. Chu mai chu a ni lo, \awng khat hmang hi chu kan inpumkhat tlat ang hian Mizo \awng hmangte chu kan inpumkhat tur a nih laiin, \awng inang lo avangin kan intai a, kan inmil hlei thei lo a nih hi. ‘Saw lam, khi lam tih dan etc’ tiin hmuhsitna rawng a kai ta fo a nih hi le. Tunge hma la dawn ta le?
“ I \awng a bo chuan i hnamzia a bo zui thuai dawn,
I \awng i pawlh dal rualin i nun i pawlh dal zel a nia aw”
tiin Laltluangliana Khiangte chuan hnam hnuk khawih a lo sawi chhuak a.13 Tun apangin Mizo \awng hman uar ila, mahni pianpui \awng \hing ti changkang ta lua an awm ngai lo. Thumal kan neih tharte hi a fiahna bik va awm hek suh, kan huang chhungah i seng lut zel ang u. Mizo \awng, Mizo hnam leh Mizoram humhalh tur chuan kan neih sa hman uar a, a dik zawk zawnga Sahal thuhmun khai dan kan ngaihtuah hi Mizote hian kan mamawh a ni. Patla anga buk mai lovin, enremna sahal i ngaihtuah ang u. Lo chhut zui ve la, eng emaw chu kan tih a ngai a ni tih i hre thei ang.
Thulakna:
1. Chhuanvawra.C., Mizo \awng chhuina., p.5., 2012, Aizawl
2. Vanlawma,R., Mizo History Chungchanga lehkhathawn, May, 1989
3. Liangkhaia.Rev., Mizo Chanchin, p.9., 4th Edition. Aizawl
4. Hrang\hiauva, Mizo History, p-11, 2011
5. Lalhmuaka, Zoram thim ata engah., p.10, 1988, Aizawl
6. Chhuanvawra.C., Mizo \awng chhuina., p.3., Aizawl, 2012.
7. Ralte, Lalhruaitluanga, Zoram Var\ian., p.207, 2008 (Reprint) Aizawl
8. Ed.Synod Pub. Board, Mizo |awng Grammar., p.v, 1992, Aizawl
9. BLP. Baptist Pub. Board, Mizo \awng ziak dan \ha., p.1, 2016, Serkawn
10. Chhuanvawra.C., Mizo \awng chhuina., p.31., 2012, Aizawl
11. Ed. Synod Pub. Board, Mizo |awng Grammar., p.vi, 1992, Synod Pub. Board, Aizawl
12. Ed. Souvenir, 46th MTKP Inkhawmpui 2016, p.150, Souvenir & Printing Commt, Lawngtlai.
13. Ed.Khiangte, Laltluangliana, Mizo \awng thumal thar, p.6., 2011, Zoppen Club, Aizawl
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